To ensure timely and safe completion of fireground functions, what basic operating principle should suburban fire departments adopt?

The principle of "one plus one structure" emphasizes the need for sufficient personnel to manage fireground operations safely and effectively. In suburban fire departments, where resources may be limited compared to urban settings, adopting this principle ensures that firefighters operate in teams of at least two, plus an additional person to supervise or assist. This arrangement enhances communication and management at the scene, allowing for a clear command structure, which is essential in emergency situations.

While the other options may have their merits in specific contexts, they do not capture the core aspect of ensuring both safety and efficacy in basic fireground operations. For instance, the "two in, two out" rule establishes a minimum staffing requirement for entering a hazardous environment, but it is more focused on interior operations rather than the overall structure of fireground functions. The "five-step plan" and "four square approach," which might contribute to strategic planning or incident management, do not inherently address the foundational staffing and operational principles required for timely and safe task completion. Thus, the emphasis on the "one plus one structure" is fundamentally geared toward creating a cohesive and manageable team dynamic on the fireground.